Leptospira Laboratory

The Leptospira laboratory at Monash University has been involved in research into Leptospira and leptospirosis for many years. The current focus of research is aimed at elucidating the molecular basis for biosynthesis of leptospiral lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a key protective antigen in immunity to leptospirosis.

In addition to its research function, the laboratory also performs a diagnostic serology and culture service for human leptospirosis for the state of Victoria, with an annual throughput of approximately 1000 sera. It is accredited for testing by the National Association of Testing Authorities and by the Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia.

In general, blood for serology should be taken as soon as possible in the illness. A second specimen should be taken 5-7 days later if the clinical picture and history indicate significant possibility of infection, and repeated at similar intervals if necessary. The test may be negative in the early stages, but the second specimen may be positive or show a rise in titre compared with the first. A third or later successive specimen usually shows a rise in titre to a peak in 2-3 weeks. Sometimes antibodies do not appear until 3-4 weeks after infection, or rarely, even longer.

When infection with Leptospira is present, a significant titre (400 or higher) will generally remain for many months, so a significant titre can mean a current or previous infection. A rising titre of 4-fold or greater is highly suggestive of recent infection.

The laboratory may be contacted at:

Telephone: +61 3 9905 4838
Facsimile: +61 3 9905 4811
Email: lepto@med.monash.edu.au

For a list of publications on Leptospira and leptospirosis.

Clinical laboratory diagnosis of leptospirosis